Lietuviškai
                                                   Case No. 29/04
                                
      THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA

                             RULING
     ON  THE  COMPLIANCE  OF  PARAGRAPH 3  OF  ARTICLE   39
     (WORDING OF 26 JUNE 2001) OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA
     LAW  ON TAX ADMINISTRATION AND PARAGRAPH 3 OF  ARTICLE
     18  (WORDING OF 19 FEBRUARY 1998) OF THE REPUBLIC   OF
     LITHUANIA LAW ON CUSTOMS TARIFFS WITH THE CONSTITUTION
     OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA
                                
                        26 September 2006
                             Vilnius
                                
        The  Constitutional Court of the Republic of   Lithuania,
composed  of  the Justices of the Constitutional  Court   Armanas
Abramavičius,   Toma  Birmontienė,  Egidijus  Kūris,     Kęstutis
Lapinskas,   Zenonas   Namavičius,  Ramutė  Ruškytė,     Vytautas
Sinkevičius, Stasys Stačiokas, and Romualdas Kęstutis Urbaitis, 
        with the secretary of the hearing—Daiva Pitrėnaitė,
        in  the presence of the representatives of the Seimas  of
the  Republic  of Lithuania, the party concerned, who were   Inga
Jarukaitienė, senior advisor of the Law Department of the  Office
of  the  Seimas,  and  Virgaudas  Milušauskas,  advisor  of   the
Committee on Budget and Finance of the Seimas, 
        pursuant  to Articles 102 and 105 of the Constitution  of
the  Republic  of  Lithuania  and Article 1 of the  Law  on   the
Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania, in its  public
hearing  on 25 September 2006 heard case No. 29/04 subsequent  to
the 19 May 2004 petition of the Šiauliai Regional  Administrative
Court, the petitioner, requesting to investigate whether  Article
39 of the Republic of Lithuania Law on Tax Administration, to the
extent  that it establishes that the size of fine for unpaid   or
not duly paid taxes and the procedure according to which the fine
shall be paid and calculated shall be established by the Minister
of Finance by taking into account the leveraged indicator of  the
average fine rate of the last calendar quarter of the Republic of
Lithuania,  paid  on Government bonds issued for a term  of   one
year,  in  litas,  as  well as that the size of  fine  shall   be
determined  by  increasing  the average fine rate by  up  to   10
points,  and  Article  18 of the Republic of  Lithuania  Law   on
Customs Tariffs, to the extent that it establishes that the  size
of  fine for unpaid or not duly paid duties shall be  established
by  the  Minister of Finance by taking into account the   average
annual  fine  rate  payable the preceding  calendar  quarter   on
Government  bonds  issued for a term not exceeding one year,   as
well  as  that the Minister of Finance shall increase the   above
rate  but  not more than by 10 points, are not in conflict   with
Item  15  of  Article 67 and Paragraph 3 of Article 127  of   the
Constitution   of  the  Republic  of  Lithuania  and  with    the
constitutional principle of a state under the rule of law. 

        The Constitutional Court 
                        has established:

                                I
        1.  The  Šiauliai  Regional  Administrative  Court,   the
petitioner, was considering a civil case. By its ruling, the said
court suspended the consideration of the case and applied to  the
Constitutional  Court with a petition requesting to   investigate
whether  Article  39  of the Law on Tax Administration,  to   the
extent  that it establishes that the size of fine for unpaid   or
not duly paid taxes and the procedure according to which the fine
shall be paid and calculated shall be established by the Minister
of Finance by taking into account the leveraged indicator of  the
average fine rate of the last calendar quarter of the Republic of
Lithuania,  paid  on Government bonds issued for a term for   one
year,  in  litas,  as  well as that the size of  fine  shall   be
determined  by  increasing  the average fine rate by  up  to   10
points,  and  Article 18 of the Law on Customs Tariffs,  to   the
extent  that it establishes that the size of fine for unpaid   or
not  duly  paid duties shall be established by the  Minister   of
Finance  by taking into account the average annual rate of   fine
payable the preceding calendar quarter on Government bonds issued
for  a term not exceeding one year, as well as that the  Minister
of Finance shall increase the above rate but not more than by  10
points,  are  not  in conflict with Item 15 of  Article  67   and
Paragraph  3  of  Article 127 of the Constitution and  with   the
constitutional principle of a state under the rule of law. 

                                II
        The petition of the petitioner is based on the fact  that
under Item 15 of Article 67 and Paragraph 3 of Article 127 of the
Constitution,  state  taxes and other compulsory  payments,   the
essential elements thereof, such as the payer of the tax or other
obligatory   payment,  the  taxable  object,  subjects  of    tax
relations,   sizes   (tariffs  of  the  tax),  exceptions     and
concessions, penalties and fines, must be established by the law.
In the opinion of the petitioner, the Seimas may not delegate its
constitutional  powers  to  establish  state  taxes  and    other
compulsory payments, inter alia the fine and its size for  unpaid
or  not duly paid taxes (duties) to any other institution,  thus,
also  the Government, while the Government or other   institution
may  not  accept  such  powers.  Meanwhile,  according  to    the
petitioner,   the  disputed  provisions  of  the  Law  on     Tax
Administration  and  the Law on Customs Tariffs established   the
powers  to  the  Minister  of Finance  to  interfere  with   such
exceptional competence of the Seimas.

                               III
        In  the  course of the preparation of the case  for   the
Constitutional Court hearing, written explanations from Snieguolė
Kaplerienė, senior advisor of the Law Department of the Office of
the Seimas, a representative of the Seimas, the party  concerned,
were  received, in which it is held that the disputed  provisions
of Paragraph 3 of Article 39 of the Law on Tax Administration and
of  Article 18 of the Law on Customs Tariffs are not in  conflict
with Item 15 of Article 67 and Paragraph 3 of Article 127 of  the
Constitution and with the principle of a state under the rule  of
law  entrenched  in  the  Constitution.  The  position  of    the
representative of the Seimas is based on the following arguments.
        1. The legal regulation of tax relations is not only  the
establishment  of  taxes  by law, but also  establishment  of   a
procedure for implementation of tax laws. Under the Constitution,
it  is  possible  to establish such procedure  that  would   also
include   the  calculation  of  the  concrete  payable  tax    by
substatutory  legal  acts. No new taxes were established by   the
disputed legal regulation, but the fine, i.e. a measure to ensure
the  implementation  of  tax obligation, thus,  the   calculation
procedure of the financial consequences (fine) for the  incorrect
implementation  of the tax obligations established by the  Seimas
itself was approved.
        2.  In  the opinion of S. Kaplerienė, the  procedure   of
calculation of the fine whose compliance of certain elements with
the   Constitution  is  disputed  by  the  petitioner  in    this
constitutional  justice  case  is clear, as the  powers  of   the
Minister of Finance to calculate the fine are related to  defined
criteria, i.e. with the corresponding average annual fine rate of
the  last calendar quarter and corresponding percentage   points,
and  the fluctuation criteria of the size of the fine depend   on
the market fluctuations, the country's economic situation,  etc.,
i.e. they are objective. Thus, in reality the Minister of Finance
has  the powers to establish only the arithmetical values of  the
payable fine. 
        3.  While having constitutional powers to pass laws   and
establish  taxes,  the Seimas also has the powers  to   establish
which  state  institution must regulate the  tax   administration
relations.  By the disputed provisions of Paragraph 3 of  Article
39 of the Law on Tax Administration and Paragraph 3 of Article 18
of the Law on Customs Tariffs the legislator entrenched the right
of  the  administrator of taxes (customs) to exact the fine   and
also entrusted the Minister of Finance to calculate the  concrete
size  of the fine. Such correction of the size of the fine  while
taking account of the market dynamics is necessary. 

                                IV
        In  the  course of the preparation of the case  for   the
judicial   consideration,   written   explanations   from      V.
Blinkevičiūtė,  Minister  of Social Security and Labour  of   the
Republic  of Lithuania, acting Minister of Finance, V.  Latvienė,
Head of the State Tax Inspectorate under the Ministry of  Finance
of  the Republic of Lithuania, R. Klevečka, Director General   of
the  Customs  Department  under the Ministry of Finance  of   the
Republic of Lithuania and Dr. A. Miškinis, Head of the Department
of  Finance and Tax Law of the Faculty of Law of Mykolas  Romeris
University were received. 

                                V
        1.  At  the  hearing  of the  Constitutional  Court,   I.
Jarukaitienė  and  V.  Milušauskas, the representatives  of   the
Seimas, the party concerned, virtually repeated the arguments set
forth  in  the  written  explanations  of  S.  Kaplerienė,    the
representative of the Seimas.
        2.  At  the  hearing  of the  Constitutional  Court,   I.
Jarukaitienė  and  V.  Milušauskas, the representatives  of   the
Seimas,  the  party  concerned,  maintained  that  even    though
different  formulas are used in the articles (parts thereof)   of
the  disputed  Law  on  Tax Administration and  Law  on   Customs
Tariffs, such as "leveraged indicator of the average annual  fine
rate"  and  "average  annual rate of  fine",  the   corresponding
provisions  were  understood  and  applied as  having  the   same
meaning.
        3.  At  the  hearing  of the  Constitutional  Court,   I.
Jarukaitienė  and  V.  Milušauskas, the representatives  of   the
Seimas,  the  party concerned, also maintained that even   though
Paragraph  3  of  Article 39 of the Law  on  Tax   Administration
included  the  formula "the size of fine shall be determined   by
increasing  the  average  fine  rate by up  to  10  points"   and
Paragraph 3 of Article 18 of the Law on Customs Tariffs  included
the  formula  "the Minister of Finance shall increase the   above
rate  but  not  more  than by 10 points", there  had  been   such
practice  that the corresponding fine rate was increased by  more
than 10 points.

      The Constitutional Court 
                           holds that:

                                I
        1.  On  28 June 1995, the Seimas adopted the Law on   Tax
Administration  which  (save  the exceptions  specified  in   the
Republic  of Lithuania Law "On Coming into Force of the  Republic
of Lithuania Law on Tax Administration" adopted by the Seimas  on
28 June 1995) came into force on 26 July 1995. 
        2.  The  Law on Tax Administration (wording of  28   June
1995)  (also Paragraph 3 of Article 39 thereof) has been  amended
and/or supplemented more than once. 
        3.  On 26 June 2001, the Seimas adopted the Law  Amending
and   Supplementing  the  Republic  of  Lithuania  Law  on    Tax
Administration,  whose  Paragraph  3  of  Article  26    replaced
Paragraph 3 of Article 39 (wording of 2 July 1998) of the Law  on
Tax Administration.
        It  is  clear from the arguments of the petition of   the
petitioner  that  the  Constitutional  Court  is  requested    to
investigate whether the legal regulation entrenched in  Paragraph
3  (wording  of  26 June 2001) of Article 39 of the Law  on   Tax
Administration  is not in conflict with the Constitution. It  was
established in the said paragraph:
        "The  size of fine for unpaid or not duly paid taxes  and
the  procedure  according  to which the fine shall be  paid   and
calculated  shall  be established by the Minister of Finance   by
taking  into account the leveraged indicator of the average  fine
rate  of the last calendar quarter of the Republic of  Lithuania,
paid on Government bonds issued for a term of one year, in litas.
The  size of fine shall be determined by increasing the   average
fine rate by up to 10 points."
        4. The petitioner disputes the compliance of Paragraph  3
(wording  of  26  June  2001) of Article 39 of the  Law  on   Tax
Administration,  to the extent that it established that the  size
of fine for unpaid or not duly paid taxes shall be established by
the  Minister  of Finance by taking into account  the   leveraged
indicator  of the average fine rate of the last calendar  quarter
of the Republic of Lithuania, paid on Government bonds issued for
a  term of one year, in litas, as well as that the size of   fine
shall be determined by increasing the average fine rate by up  to
10 points, with the Constitution. 
        5.  On 13 April 2004, the Seimas adopted the Republic  of
Lithuania  Law on Tax Administration, which (with the   exception
specified  in Paragraph 1 of Article 166 of this law) came   into
force on 1 May 2004 and by which the until then valid Law on  Tax
Administration   (wording  of  28  June  1995  with    subsequent
amendments and supplements) was recognised as no longer in force.
        6.  In  Article  99  of the Law  on  Tax   Administration
(wording of 13 April 2004) it is established:
        "The  size of fine and the procedure according to   which
the fine shall be calculated shall be established by the Minister
of Finance by taking into account the leveraged indicator of  the
average fine rate of the last calendar quarter of the Republic of
Lithuania,  paid  on Government bonds issued for a term  of   one
year,  in  litas.  The  size  of fine  shall  be  determined   by
increasing the average fine rate by 10 percentage points."
        7.  Article 99 of the Law on Tax Administration  (wording
of 13 April 2004) has not been amended or supplemented.
        8.  On  19 February 1998, the Seimas adopted the Law   on
Customs  Tariffs, which came into force on 1 July 1998. This  law
replaced the former legislative regulation of customs relations.
        9.  The  petitioner  requests  to  investigate    whether
Paragraph 3 of Article 18 of the Law on Customs Tariffs  (wording
of 19 February 1998) is not in conflict with the Constitution. It
was established in the said paragraph:
        "The  size  of fine for unpaid or not duly  paid   duties
shall  be established by the Minister of Finance by taking   into
account  the  average  annual fine rate  payable  the   preceding
calendar  quarter  on  Government bonds issued for  a  term   not
exceeding  one year. The Minister of Finance shall increase   the
above rate but not more than by 10 points."
        10. Even though the Law on Customs Tariffs (wording of 19
February 1998) has been amended and supplemented more than  once,
its  Article 18 (wording of 19 February 1998) was not amended  or
supplemented.
        11.  On 20 April 2004, the Seimas adopted the Law on  the
Recognition of the Republic of Lithuania Law on Customs  Tariffs,
Law on Anti-Dumping, the Law on Safeguard (Protection)  Measures,
the Law on Countervailing Duties and the Laws Amending them as no
Longer  Valid, which came into force on 1 May 2004. By Article  1
of this law, inter alia the Law on Customs Tariffs (wording of 19
February  1998  with subsequent amendments and supplements)   was
recognised as no longer valid. 

                                II
        1. Taxes, other payments to the budget, and levies  shall
be  established  by  the  laws  of  the  Republic  of   Lithuania
(Paragraph  3  of Article 127 of the Constitution).  The   Seimas
shall  establish state taxes and other compulsory payments  (Item
15 of Article 67 of the Constitution).
        2.  While construing the provisions of the   Constitution
concerning   taxes   and   other   compulsory   payments,     the
Constitutional  Court  has  formed  the  corresponding   official
constitutional  doctrine  in its acts. It is to be noted in   the
constitutional   justice   case  at  issue  that,   under     the
Constitution,  taxes,  as  an  obligation,  may  be   established
(introduced)  only  by  the law; the legal  regulation  must   be
established which would ensure the proper tax paying and that the
taxes are paid in time; for that reason, when paying heed to  the
Constitution  (inter  alia  the  constitutional  principles    of
justice,  proportionality, legal certainty and clarity),  various
measures may be chosen such as penalties, fines, fine, etc.  Such
essential elements of the tax as the object of the tax,  subjects
of tax relations, their rights and duties, sizes (tariffs) of the
tax,  payment  terms, exceptions and concessions, penalties   and
fines  must  be  provided  for  by the  law.  The  procedure   of
implementation   of  tax  laws  may  also  be  established     by
substatutory acts.
        3.  In the context of the constitutional justice case  at
issue, it is also to be noted that while establishing by means of
a  law  the  corresponding  coercive  measures  for  failure   to
implement  tax obligations, inter alia a fine for unpaid or   not
duly paid taxes, the legislator has certain discretion. Thus, the
legislator  may  choose whether to establish absolute  sizes   of
certain  fine for unpaid or not duly paid taxes, or to  establish
by  means  of a law such legal regulation that the sizes of   the
established  fine for unpaid or not duly paid taxes would  depend
on certain indicators and might be subject to change. It needs to
be  emphasized  that  after  having chosen  such  way  of   legal
regulation,  when  the sizes of the fine for unpaid or not   duly
paid  duties depend on certain indicators specified in the   law,
and  may be subject to change, the legislator must establish   by
means of a law not only the subject (state institution, official)
who has the powers to state the existence of the said indicators,
upon which, according to the law, depends such size of fine,  and
to  establish  the  sizes  of  such  fine  according  to    these
indicators,  but also to specify the criteria in the law,   which
must be followed by the said subject when he establishes the said
sizes of the fine. 
        4. It needs to be noted that the Constitutional Court has
formed  the official constitutional doctrine of taxes and   other
obligatory  payments  in inter alia the  constitutional   justice
cases  in which one investigated the constitutionality of   legal
acts (parts thereof) which had been passed before 14 August 2004,
when  the  Constitutional Act of the Republic of  Lithuania   "On
Membership  of the Republic of Lithuania in the European  Union",
which,  under Article 150 of the Constitution, is a   constituent
part  of the Constitution, came into force (which was adopted  by
the  Seimas  on  13  July 2004). Upon entry into  force  of   the
Constitutional Act of the Republic of Lithuania "On Membership of
the  Republic of Lithuania in the European Union", the   official
constitutional  doctrine of taxes and other obligatory  payments,
which had been formed until then, is developed by taking  account
of the said amendment to the Constitution.

                               III
        On  the compliance of Paragraph 3 of Article 39  (wording
of 26 June 2001) of the Law on Tax Administration, to the  extent
that it established that the Minister of Finance shall  establish
the size of fine, by taking into account the leveraged  indicator
of  the  average fine rate of the last calendar quarter  of   the
Republic of Lithuania, paid on Government bonds issued for a term
of one year, in litas, and to the extent that it established that
the  size of fine shall be determined by increasing the   average
fine  rate  by up to 10 points, with Item 15 of Article  67   and
Paragraph  3  of  Article 127 of the Constitution and  with   the
constitutional principle of a state under the rule of law.
        1. According to Paragraph 3 of Article 39 (wording of  26
June 2001) of the Law on Tax Administration:
        -  the  Minister of Finance shall establish the size   of
fine for not duly paid tax;
        -  the Minister of Finance shall establish this size   by
taking  into account the leveraged indicator of the average  fine
rate  of the last calendar quarter of the Republic of  Lithuania,
paid on Government bonds issued for a term of one year, in litas;
        -  the  Minister of Finance shall establish the size   of
fine  for not duly paid tax by increasing the average fine   rate
specified in this paragraph by up to 10 points.
        2.  While  deciding  whether Paragraph 3 of  Article   39
(wording  of 26 June 2001) of the Law on Tax Administration,   to
the extent that it established that the Minister of Finance shall
establish the size of fine, by taking into account the  leveraged
indicator  of the average fine rate of the last calendar  quarter
of the Republic of Lithuania, paid on Government bonds issued for
a  term  of  one year, in litas, was not in  conflict  with   the
Constitution,  it is to be noted that the leveraged indicator  of
the  average  fine  rate  of the last calendar  quarter  of   the
Republic of Lithuania, paid on Government bonds issued for a term
of  one  year,  in  litas specified in  this  paragraph  is   the
indicator  which  depends  on the constantly  changing   economic
factors,  inter alia the financial market. The relation  or  non-
relation of the size of the fine to such indicator which  depends
on the market is a matter of the economic policy of the state.
        3. In its ruling of 31 May 2006, the Constitutional Court
held: "the assessment of the content, measures and methods of the
state  economic  policy <…> (no matter who assesses them),   also
with  regard to their reasonableness and expediency, even if   it
turns out later that there were better alternatives for  choosing
its  economic  policies  <…> in itself cannot be the  reason   to
question  the compliance of the legal regulation of the  economic
activity  conforming  to  the  economic  policy  <…>  with    the
legislation  of  higher  power, <…> with the  Constitution   <…>,
unless the said legal regulation is clearly in conflict with  the
general welfare of the Nation, with the interests of society  and
the State of Lithuania, or unless it denies the values entrenched
in and defended as well as protected by the Constitution".
        4. There are no arguments allowing to state that relating
the  sizes of the fine for not duly paid duties with the   annual
fine  rate  (leveraged indicator thereof) of the  last   calendar
quarter  of the Republic of Lithuania, paid on Government   bonds
issued, in litas, would in any way deny any values entrenched  in
and protected as well as defended by the Constitution.
        5.  It  needs  to be noted that under the  provision   of
Paragraph 3 of Article 39 (wording of 26 June 2001) of the Law on
Tax  Administration that the Minister of Finance shall  establish
the size of fine, by taking into account the leveraged  indicator
of  the  average fine rate of the last calendar quarter  of   the
Republic of Lithuania, paid on Government bonds issued for a term
of one year, in litas, the Minister of Finance had powers only to
state  the existence of the specified in the law indicator   that
objectively   appeared  in  the  market,  i.e.  its     numerical
expression.
        6.  Taking  account  of  the  arguments  set  forth,    a
conclusion is to be made that Paragraph 3 of Article 39  (wording
of 26 June 2001) of the Law on Tax Administration, to the  extent
that it established that the size of fine for unpaid or not  duly
paid  taxes  shall be established by the Minister of Finance   by
taking  into account the leveraged indicator of the average  fine
rate  of the last calendar quarter of the Republic of  Lithuania,
paid on Government bonds issued for a term of one year, in litas,
was not in conflict with Item 15 of Article 67 and Paragraph 3 of
Article  127  of  the Constitution and with  the   constitutional
principle of a state under the rule of law.
        7.  The compliance of Paragraph 3 of Article 39  (wording
of 26 June 2001) of the Law on Tax Administration, to the  extent
that  the  size  of fine shall be determined by  increasing   the
average  fine  rate  by  up to 10 percentage  points,  with   the
Constitution is to be assessed differently.
        8.  It has been held in this Constitutional Court  ruling
that  after having chosen such way of legal regulation when   the
sizes of fine for unpaid or not duly paid taxes depend on certain
indicators specified in the law and may be subject to change, the
legislator must establish by means of a law not only the  subject
(state  institution,  official) who has the powers to state   the
existence  of the said indicators, upon which, according to   the
law, depends such size of fine and to establish the sizes of such
fine  according  to  these indicators, but also to  specify   the
criteria  in the law, which must be followed by the said  subject
when he establishes the said sizes of the fine.
        It  needs  to  be  noted that neither  the  Law  on   Tax
Administration   (wording  of  26  June  2001  with    subsequent
amendments  and  supplements),  nor  other  laws  establish   any
criteria  that must be followed by the Minister of Finance  while
taking  into account the leveraged indicator of the average  fine
rate  of the last calendar quarter of the Republic of  Lithuania,
paid on Government bonds issued for a term of one year, in litas,
and establishing the sizes of fine for not duly paid taxes. 
        9. Thus, the Minister of Finance not only had the  powers
to increase the fine rate specified in Paragraph 3 of Article  39
(wording of 26 June 2001) of the Law on Tax Administration  while
establishing the size of fine for not duly paid tax, but also the
powers  to decide, at his own discretion, but not exceeding   the
established  10-point limit, by how many points to increase  this
fine rate.
        10.  Taking  account  of  the  arguments  set  forth,   a
conclusion is to be made that Paragraph 3 of Article 39  (wording
of 26 June 2001) of the Law on Tax Administration, to the  extent
that  it  entrenches  the powers of the Minister of  Finance   to
decide, at his own discretion, but not exceeding the  established
10-point  limit, by how many points to increase this fine   rate,
was  in  conflict with Item 15 of Article 67 and Paragraph 3   of
Article  127  of  the Constitution and with  the   constitutional
principle of a state under the rule of law.

                                IV
        On  the compliance of Paragraph 3 of Article 18  (wording
of  19 February 1998) of the Law on Customs Tariffs with Item  15
of Article 67 and Paragraph 3 of Article 127 of the  Constitution
and  with the constitutional principle of a state under the  rule
of law.
        1.  Under  Paragraph  3  of Article 18  (wording  of   19
February 1998) of the Law on Customs Tariffs:
        -  the  size of fine for unpaid or not duly paid   duties
shall be established by the Minister of Finance;
        -  the  Minister  of Finance shall establish  this   size
taking  into  account the average annual fine rate  payable   the
preceding calendar quarter on Government bonds issued for a  term
not exceeding one year;
        -  the  Minister of Finance shall establish the size   of
fine  for unpaid or not duly paid duties by increasing the   fine
rate specified in this paragraph, but not more than by 10 points.
        2.  Thus,  in Paragraph 3 of Article 18 (wording  of   19
February 1998) of the Law on Customs Tariffs the same  principles
were  entrenched as in Paragraph 3 of Article 39 (wording of   26
June 2001) of the Law on Tax Administration:
        -  the  established size of the fine was related to   the
indicator which is specified in the law and which depends on  the
constantly  changing economic factors, inter alia the   financial
market; 
        -  the  Minister of Finance not only had the  powers   to
increase  the  fine  rate  specified  in  this  paragraph   while
establishing  the size of fine for not duly paid duty, but   also
the  powers to decide, at his own discretion, by how many  points
to increase this fine rate.
        3. Taking account of the arguments on the grounds whereof
it  has  been  held  in this Constitutional  Court  ruling   that
Paragraph 3 of Article 39 (wording of 26 June 2001) of the Law on
Tax  Administration, to the extent that it established that   the
size  of  fine  for  unpaid  or not duly  paid  taxes  shall   be
established by the Minister of Finance by taking into account the
leveraged indicator of the average fine rate of the last calendar
quarter  of the Republic of Lithuania, paid on Government   bonds
issued for a term of one year, in litas, was not in conflict with
Item  15  of  Article 67 and Paragraph 3 of Article 127  of   the
Constitution  and  with the constitutional principle of a   state
under  the  rule  of law, a conclusion is to be made  that   also
Paragraph  3 of Article 18 (wording of 19 February 1998) of   the
Law  on Customs Tariffs, to the extent that it established   that
the  size  of fine for unpaid or not duly paid duties  shall   be
established by the Minister of Finance by taking into account the
average  annual  rate  of fine payable  the  preceding   calendar
quarter  on Government bonds issued for a term not exceeding  one
year was not in conflict with Item 15 of Article 67 and Paragraph
3   with   Article  127  of  the  Constitution  and  with     the
constitutional principle of a state under the rule of law.
        Taking account of the arguments on the grounds whereof it
has been held in this Constitutional Court ruling that  Paragraph
3  of  Article  39 (wording of 26 June 2001) of the Law  on   Tax
Administration to the extent that it entrenched the powers of the
Minister  of  Finance to decide, at his own discretion, but   not
exceeding  the established 10-point limit, by how many points  to
increase  this fine rate specified in the same paragraph, was  in
conflict  with Item 15 of Article 67 and Paragraph 3 of   Article
127 of the Constitution and with the constitutional principle  of
a  state under the rule of law, it is also to be held that   also
Paragraph  3 of Article 18 (wording of 19 February 1998) of   the
Law  on  Customs Tariffs, to the extent that it  entrenched   the
powers  of  the  Minister  of  Finance to  decide,  at  his   own
discretion, but not exceeding the established 10-point limit,  by
how many points to increase this fine rate specified in the  same
paragraph  was  in  conflict  with Item 15  of  Article  67   and
Paragraph  3  of  Article 127 of the Constitution and  with   the
constitutional principle of a state under the rule of law. 

        Conforming to Articles 102 and 105 of the Constitution of
the  Republic of Lithuania and Articles 1, 53, 54, 55 and 56   of
the Law on the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania,
the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania has  passed
the following
        
                             ruling:
                                
        1.  To recognise that Paragraph 3 of Article 39  (wording
of 26 June 2001, Official Gazette Valstybės žinios, 2001, No. 62-
2211) of the Republic of Lithuania Law on Tax Administration,  to
the  extent that it established that the size of fine for  unpaid
or  not duly paid taxes shall be established by the Minister   of
Finance  by  taking into account the leveraged indicator of   the
average fine rate of the last calendar quarter of the Republic of
Lithuania,  paid  on Government bonds issued for a term  of   one
year, in litas, was not in conflict with the Constitution of  the
Republic of Lithuania. 
        2.  To recognise that Paragraph 3 of Article 39  (wording
of 26 June 2001, Official Gazette Valstybės žinios, 2001, No. 62-
2211) of the Republic of Lithuania Law on Tax Administration,  to
the  extent  that  it entrenched the powers of the  Minister   of
Finance  to decide, at his own discretion, but not exceeding  the
established  10-point limit, by how many points to increase  this
fine  rate,  was  in  conflict with Item 15 of  Article  67   and
Paragraph 3 of Article 127 of the Constitution of the Republic of
Lithuania and with the constitutional principle of a state  under
the rule of law.
        3.  To recognise that Paragraph 3 of Article 18  (wording
of 19 February 1998, Official Gazette Valstybės žinios, 1998, No.
28-727)  of the Republic of Lithuania Law on Customs Tariffs,  to
the  extent that it establishes that the size of fine for  unpaid
or  not duly paid duties shall be established by the Minister  of
Finance  by taking into account the average annual rate of   fine
payable the preceding calendar quarter on Government bonds issued
for  a term not exceeding one year was not in conflict with   the
Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania.
        4.  To recognise that Paragraph 3 of Article 18  (wording
of 19 February 1998, Official Gazette Valstybės žinios, 1998, No.
28-727)  of the Republic of Lithuania Law on Customs Tariffs,  to
the  extent  that  it entrenched the powers of the  Minister   of
Finance  to decide, at his own discretion, but not exceeding  the
established  10-point limit, by how many points to increase  this
fine  rate  was  in  conflict with Item 15  of  Article  67   and
Paragraph 3 of Article 127 of the Constitution of the Republic of
Lithuania and with the constitutional principle of a state  under
the rule of law.
        
        This ruling of the Constitutional Court is final and  not
subject to appeal.
        The ruling is promulgated in the name of the Republic  of
Lithuania.

Justices of the Constitutional Court:	Armanas Abramavičius
					Toma Birmontienė
					Egidijus Kūris
					Kęstutis Lapinskas
					Zenonas Namavičius
					Ramutė Ruškytė
					Vytautas Sinkevičius
					Stasys Stačiokas
					Romualdas Kęstutis Urbaitis