Lietuviškai
THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF
THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA
D E C I S I O N
Concerning the interpretation of item 1. 2 of the
Constitutional Court Ruling of 22 December 1994
30 December 1994, Vilnius
The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania,
composed from the Justices of the Constitutional Court Algirdas
Gailiūnas, Kęstutis Lapinskas, Zigmas Levickis, Vladas
Pavilonis, Pranas Vytautas Rasimavičius, Stasys Stačiokas,
Teodora Staugaitienė and Juozas Žilys,
the secretary of the hearing - Rolanda Stimbirytė,
the petitioner - Seimas member Vidmantas Žiemelis,
representative of a group of Seimas members,
the party concerned - Seimas member Pranciškus
Vitkevičius, representative of the Seimas,
pursuant to Article 61 of the Law on the Constitutional
Court of the Republic of Lithuania, in the public court hearing
examined the request submitted by the Chairman of the Seimas of
the Republic of Lithuania to interpret item 1. 2 of the
Constitutional Court Ruling of 22 December 1994
The Constitutional Court
has established:
The Chairperson of the Seimas requests to interpret if the
provision of the Constitutional Court Ruling of 22 December
1994 'On the compliance of Article 2 of the Law of the Republic
of Lithuania "On the Establishment of the Supreme Court of
Lithuania, Court of Appeal of Lithuania, District Courts;
Determination of the Territories of Activity for District and
Local Courts, also Reformation of the Procurator's Office of
the Republic of Lithuania" of 15 June 1994 and the procedure
for its adoption with the Constitution of the Republic of
Lithuania' that '"the powers of the judges of this Court shall
be terminated" contradicts item 2 of Article 115 of the
Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania' implies that "not
only Supreme Court judges shall retain their powers (unless
they are appointed, at their own will, to another office, or
retire), but also present heads of the Supreme Court shall
preserve their posts, i. e. the duties of the Chairperson and
deputy Chairpersons of the Supreme Court, after 1 January
1995."
The Constitutional Court
holds that:
In the Constitutional Court Ruling of 22 December 1994 it
is stated that the Seimas , taking into consideration the
distribution of competence of the former Supreme Court among
the new Supreme Court, Court of Appeal and district courts as
well as essential change of procedural functions of the Supreme
Court, could establish another than earlier number of the
Supreme Court judges. However, termination of judges' powers
was possible only pursuant to the principles prescribed by
Article 115 of the Constitution. Therefore, the concept of said
Law "the present Supreme Court shall be liquidated" was
interpreted by the Constitutional Court not as the abolishment
of the supreme legal institution but as a certain conditional
way of the implementation of court reform. Besides, the
Constitutional Court did not deny the possibility to apply this
concept with regard to the internal organizational structure of
the Supreme Court.
Article 115 of the Constitution as well as other articles
and the above mentioned Constitutional Court Ruling are
concerned with the guarantees for the judge's independence and
not with the status of the heads of the Supreme Court.
Therefore, the Constitutional Court, while deciding if the
provision "the powers of the judges of this Court shall be
terminated" of the first part of Article 2 of the 15 June 1994
Law "On the Establishment of the Supreme Court of Lithuania,
Court of Appeal of Lithuania, District Courts; Determination of
the Territories of Activity for District and Local Courts, also
Reformation of the Procurator's Office of the Republic of
Lithuania" is in compliance with the Constitution, evaluated
only the lawfulness of the termination of judges' powers.
Furthermore, the Constitutional Court emphasizes that the
Constitution prescribes another than earlier was procedure for
the formation of the Supreme Court. Earlier, the Supreme
Council first appointed the Chairperson of the Supreme Court
and only then - judges; now, according to the second part of
Article 112 of the Constitution, the Supreme Court judges shall
be appointed first, and the Chairperson of the Supreme Court
shall be chosen from among them. Consequently, in the process
of court reform, the Seimas can realize the competence provided
by Article 112 of the Constitution to appoint the Chairperson
of the Supreme Court from among the Supreme Court judges.
Conforming to Article 61 of the Law on the Constitutional
Court, the Constitutional Court has taken the following
decision:
To interpret, that the provision of item 1. 2 of the
Constitutional Court Ruling of 22 December 1994 is applicable
only to the Supreme Court judges but not to the Chairperson or
deputy Chairpersons of this Court.